Головна

Like, love, hate, prefer

  1.  Read the following text to find out how the writer prefers to travel and why.

1. Часто обидві форми - і герундій і інфінітив - можуть використовуватися з невеликою зміною значення висловлювання:

I like to get up early.

I like getting up early.

2. Коли like вживається в значенні enjoy generally, Після нього зазвичай вживається герундій.

I like cooking.

Але якщо пропозиція більш конкретне, то частіше вживається інфінітив.

I like to cook a roast on Sundays.

3. Коли like означає "(I) think it is a good idea ", Після нього вживається інфінітив.

I like to pay bills on time.

Remember, forget, regret

1. Після цих дієслів вживається герундій, якщо дія відбулася раніше ніж про нього згадають, забудуть або висловлять співчуття.

I remember having some lovely holidays when I was a kid.

I'll never forget meeting you.

I regret lying to her.

2. Після цих дієслів вживається інфінітив, якщо подія відбудеться після того, як про нього згадають, забудуть або висловлять співчуття.

I must remember to phone my mother.

Do not forget to lock all the doors.

I regret to tell you that you've failed.

Try

Інфінітив вживається, коли говорять про мету, а герундій - коли про засоби її досягнення.

We tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible.

We tried pouring on water, covering it with a blanket, but it did not work.

Stop

1. Герундій вживається, коли мова йде про дії, що передував зупинці:

Stop talking! (Перестаньте базікати!)

2. Інфінітив пояснює, чому ми перервали попередню дію і що станеться далі, виконуючи функцію обставини мети:

I suddenly met my old friend and stopped to talk with him. (Я несподівано зустрів свого старого приятеля і зупинився, щоб поговорити з ним.)

Go on

Герундій вживається, коли мова йде про продовження того ж самого дії, а інфінітив - коли з'являється новий аспект дії.

Stop talking, go on writing!

After discussion the economy, the minister then went on to talk about foreign policy.

6. need = want

У реченні типу

The room needs cleaning (Кімната потребує прибирання).

герундій має те ж значення, що і відповідний пасивний інфінітив: The room needs to be cleaned.

Упр.10 G.2 Заповніть пропуски необхідних по контексту дієсловом із запропонованого списку в потрібній формі.

imagine finish admit consider involve risk
postpone stop avoid deny miss suggest

1. Her job ___ traveling all over the world.

2. He ___ being in the building at the time, but ___ shooting the security guide.

3. I was about to cook lunch when he ___ getting a take-away instead.

4. It's great that the children can read now, although I really ___ reading them a bedtime story.

5. The Stock Market is not for me. I do not want to ___ losing all my money.

6. Let's go now to ___ getting stuck in the traffic.

7. Now we can afford it, we're ___ buying a new car.

8. ___ living with someone who never ___ talking.

9. He ___making a decision till it was too late to do anything.

10. He ___ speaking and sat down.

Упр.10 G.3 Поставте в реченні дієслово в дужках в необхідну по контексту форму (інфінітив або герундій).

1. I arranged ___ (meet) them here.

2. He urged us ___ (work) faster.

3. I wish ___ (see) the manager.

4. It's no use ___ (wait).

5. He warned her ___ (not touch) the wire.

6. My mother told me ___ (not speak) to anyone about it.

7. I can not understand her ___ (behave) like that.

8. You are expected ___ (know) the safety regulations of the college.

9. I am prepared ___ (wait) here all night if necessary.

10. I could not help ___ (overhear) what you said.

11. Mrs Jones: "I do not allow ___ (smoke) in my drawing-room."

Mrs Smith: "I do not allow my family ___ (smoke) at all."

12. I really do not feel like ___ (go) to work today.

13. Did you manage ___ (finish) the project on time?

14. He crashed his car into a tree in order to avoid ___ (hit) a dog.

15. Alison does not appear ___ (care) about whether she passes or fails.

Упр.10 G.4 Поставте в реченні дієслова в дужках в правильну по контексту форму (інфінітив або герундій).

1. He decided ___ (disguise) himself by ___ (dress) as a woman.

2. Would you mind ___ (show) me how ___ (work) the lift?

3. He wore dark glasses ___ (avoid) ___ (be) recognized.

4. Would you mind ___ (shut) the window? I hate ___ (sit) in a draught.

5. I can not help ___ (sneeze); I caught a cold yesterday from ___ (sit) in a draught.

6. His doctor advised him ___ (give up) ___ (jog).

7. My watch keeps ___ (stop). ~ That's because you keep ___ (forget) ___ (wind) it.

8. People used ___ (make) fire by ___ (rub) two sticks together.

9. By ___ (neglect) ___ (take) ordinary precautions he endangered the life of his crew.

10. I suggest ___ (telephone) the hospitals before ___ (ask) the police ___ (look) for him.

11. It's not much use ___ (have) a bicycle if you do not know how ___ (ride) it.

12. He keeps ___ (ask) me the time and I keep ___ (tell) him ___ (buy) himself a watch.

13. He has a theory that it is possible ___ (tell) the time in daylight by ___ (look) into cat's eyes.

14. She agreed ___ (help) him in the garden, as long as it did not involve ___ (get) her hands dirty.

15. An instructor is coming ___ (show) us how ___ (use) the aqualung.

16. Some people seem ___ (have) a passion for ___ (write) to the newspapers.

17. Imagine ___ (have) ___ (get up) at five a.m. every day!

18. There is no point in ___ (remain) in a dangerous place if you can not do anything ___ (help) the people who have ___ (stay) there.

19. The horse will not be well enough ___ (run) in tomorrow's race. He does not seem ___ (have recovered) from his long journey.

20. It would not be safe ___ (start) down now; we'll have ___ (wait) till the mist clears.

Упр.10 G.5Подивіться на пари прикладів. Сформулюйте відмінності у вживанні інфінітива і герундія після дієслів remember, forget, stop, regret, try, like / hate, go on, need / want.

1. a) I like singing in the shower.
 b) I like to pay my bills as soon as I receive them.

2. a) I do not remember seeing you here before.
 b) I must remember to post that letter.

3. a) I'll never forget shaking Mick Jagger by the hand.
 b) I forgot to write down their telephone number.

4. a) We tried to open the door, but it was locked.
 b) ~ I can not get the video to work.
 ~ Why do not you try changing the plug?

5. a) I stopped smoking years age.
 b) I stopped to pick up a hitchhiker.

Упр.10 G.6 Заповніть пропуски, поставивши в кожній парі пропозицій дієслово в дужках в потрібну по контексту форму (інфінітив або герундій).

1. a) I used to ___ (think) that life ended at 30.

b) I'm not used to ___ (think) so hard this early in the morning.

2. a) Jane was never a very reliable friend. If I were you, I'd try ___ (forget) her.

b) If your clothes do not seem very white after you've washed them, try ___ (soak) them in a little bleach.

3. a) Please stop ___ (make) such a terrible noise!

b) After half an hour, we stopped ___ (make) a cup of tea.

4. a) I remember ___ (see) him in the part of Hamlet at the Academy Theatre.

b) Did you remember ___ (see) Tom and tell him that we can not come on Saturday?

5. a) I started ___ (read) classical literature at the age of six.

b) Oh, look! It's starting ___ (rain).

6. a) He went on ___ (write) his essay despite the noise.

b) The lecture began very badly, but the professor went on ___ (make) some interesting points.

7. a) I could not help them ___ (find) what they were looking for as I was in too much of a hurry.

b) Harry looked so funny that I could not help ___ (laugh).

8. a) I like ___ (pay) bills quite promptly. It's so easy to get behind.

b) I like ___ (be) the centre of attention.

9. a) Do you like ___ (cook)?

b) When we have a dinner party, I like ___ (cook) something really exotic that nobody's ever had before.

10.a) I hate ___ (drive) in the dark.

b) I hate ___ (tell) you, but I've broken your favourite cup.

11.a) I'll never regret ___ (do) a kind action.

b) We regret ___ (inform) you that your application has been refused.

12. a) You do not need ___ (ask) his permission every time you want ___ (leave) the room.

b) The room needs ___ (clean).

Упр.10 G.7 Заповніть пропуски в реченні необхідної по контексту формою дієслова в дужках (інфінітив або герундій).

1. It's difficult to get used to ___ (eat) with chopsticks.

2. If you can not turn the key try ___ (put) some oil in the lock.

3. I distinctly remember ___ (pay) him. I gave him $ 2.

4. Did you remember ___ (give) him the key of the safe? ~ No, I did not. I'll go and do it now.

5. I know my hair wants ___ (cut) but I never have time ___ (go) to the hairdresser's.

6. Jenny told me that she regrets ___ (shout) at you last night.

7. He needs ___ (go) to hospital for tests.

8. We regret ___ (inform) you that we can not offer you the job.

9. I stopped ___ (get) some petrol on my way home from work.

10. Mary always forgets ___ (close) the fridge after she has used it.

~ Have you tried ___ (put) a notice up on the door?

11. I am beginning ___ (understand) what you mean.

12. I hate ___ (borrow) money.

Упр.10 G.8Заповніть пропуски в реченні необхідної по контексту формою дієслова в дужках (інфінітив або герундій).

1. Stop ___ (argue) and start ___ (work).

2. I remember ___ (read) a review of that book and ___ (think) I'd like ___ (get) it.

3. Do not forget ___ (lock) the door before ___ (go) to bed.

4. After ___ (walk) for three hours we stopped ___ (let) the others ___ (catch up) with us.

5. Please go on ___ (write); I do not mind ___ (wait).

6. I tried ___ (persuade) him ___ (agree) with your proposal.

7. Your windows need ___ (clean); would you like me ___ (do) them for you?

8. Do stop ___ (talk); I am trying ___ (finish) a letter.

9. He hates ___ (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it ___ (ring).

10. I prefer ___ (drive) to ___ (be driven).

11. I advise you ___ (start) ___ (look) for a flat at once.

12. Would you mind ___ (lend) me $ 5? I forgot ___ (cash) a cheque.

13. She likes her children ___ (go) to the dentist every six months.

14. I tried ___ (explain) to him but he refused ___ (listen) and went on ___ (grumble).

15. Try ___ (forget) it; it is not worth ___ (worry) about.

16. I'd hate ___ (be) beside a volcano when it started ___ (erupt).

17. I do not remember ___ (give) you permission ___ (use) my car.

18. The car began ___ (make) an extraordinary noise so I stopped ___ (see) what it was.

Упр.10 G.9 Закінчите друге речення так, щоб воно було близьке за змістом першого пропозицією. Використовуйте виділене слово і від двох до п'яти інших слів.

1. I will send you out of the classroom if you continue to make so much noise.

keepIf ___ so much noise, I will send you out of the classroom.

2. 'Would you like to go fishing?' Tom asked me.

feltTom asked me if ___ fishing.

3. I wish I had not spent so much money last night.

regretI ___ so much money last night.

4. He found it impossible to keep his good news secret from her.

resistHe could ___ his good news.

5. I will always remember the first time I met Martha.

neverI ___ Martha for the first time.

6. Could you open the window, please?

mindWould ___, please?

7. I am fairly sure I will pass all my exams this year.

expectI ___ all my exams this year.

8. Jack said that he had not cheated in the exam.

cheatingJack ___ in the exam.

9. You should not give them impression you do not want the job.

avoidYou should ___ them the impression you do not want the job.

10. I'm sorry but you have not been appointed to the post.

regretI ___ you have not been appointed to the post.

11. 'OK. I've deliberately deleted all references to works of French scientists ', he said.

admittedHe ___ to works of French scientists.

12. I think Derek has forgotten the meeting.

appearsDerek ___ the meeting.




 форми інфінітива |  функції інфінітива |  I 2.1 Інфінітив у функції обставини мети, слідства і супутніх умов |  I 2.2 Інфінітив у функції визначення. Інфінітив після прикметників |  I 2.3 Інфінітив в складеному присудок |  I 2.3.2 Інфінітив після модальних дієслів |  I 3 Інфінітив в непрямій мові |  I 4.1 Складне доповнення |  I 4.3 Називний відмінок з інфінітивом |  Функції герундія в реченні |

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