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Utterance stress

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When we talk we do not talk in single words but in groups of words spoken continuously (utterances/ 'AtrqnsIz /), with no break or pause. We may make a pause after a word group, but not during it. These groups may be long or short or they may be of intermediate length.

When one group is very closely connected grammatically to the next, there is a very slight pause, marked by ( ) Or (|). When two groups are not so closely connected, there is a longer pause, marked by (||), and this mark is also used to show the end of an utterance.

In any utterance there are words which carry the most of the meaning and there are words which are not specially helpful to the meaning, not important. And to show the listeners which words are important, which words they should pay particular attention to, we put stress on these words. There may be several stressed words in an utterance and they will have different degree of prominence.

The stressed syllable of the most important word is considered to be the centre of an utterance and it will have the greatest stress. This syllable will be pronounced with the change in the pitch (Height) of our voice. This kind of utterance stress can be called a tone(Or moving stress). There are five main tones in English:

- Fall (the voice goes down from the high pitch to the low), marked m;

- Rise (the voice goes up from the low pitch to the high), marked m;

- Fall-Rise (the voice first goes down and then up), marked m;

- Rise-Fall (first the voice goes up and then down), marked m;

- Level (it is pronounced on one and the same level: low, mid or high), marked _m or -m .

Other stressed words in an utterance will have static / 'StxtIk / (or non-moving) stress. There is no change in the pitch of the voice when we pronounce them. Static stresses can be high (Pronounced on the high level and marked m or m) or low (Pronounced on the low level and marked m). And according to the degree of prominence static stresses can also be full ( m) or partial ( mand m). For example:

- I am a student of Polotsk  State Uni  versity.




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