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Read the text, try to explain the words in bold. Finally, answer the questions below

  1. A) In what context do you think the following words and phrases will appear in the text?
  2. A) Match the words and their definitions
  3. A) Read the text about robots and find the information to answer the questions
  4. A) Study the definitions of the words with similar meanings and think about their proper Russian equivalents.
  5. Analyze Figure 11.5. and say in what case a suspended concrete structure is possible/ impossible to build and explain your choice.
  6. Answer the following questions
  7. Answer the following questions

People travel from a very early age. Years ago people travelled on horseback, by horse and buggy, or by stagecoach. Later they moved about in cars, buses and trains. Nowadays men and women travel by land, sea and air. Great changes have taken place in transportation. Today some people have gone to the Moon in spaceships. Other have gone to distant lands in submarines.

The second half of the 20th century has seen great increase in all kinds of travelling. Owing to road improvements, increased popularity of cars, availability of air transportation with low-cost fares, comfort and convenience of modern means of transport tourism has become a big business. Statistics show that the majority of tourists travel by plane. However some of them prefer other means of transportation such as car, motor coach, railway, helicopter, or ship. Some young people like to travel by motorcycle or bicycle. But in our hurry to get from one place to another we sometimes fail to see anything on the way. Air travel, for instance, give you a bird's eye view of the world. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the window. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on. And as for the sea travel, its peculiarity is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: "I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea."

The tourist trade is booming nowadays. Superb system of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to travel in different countries at a moderate cost. What was once available only for the very rich, is at present within everybody's grasp. Today travellers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grant tours in the old days couldn't dreamed of. Many trips are being planned by tourist organizations: family trips, package tours, charted flights, trips for youngsters and many others.

Everybody understands that travelling can be educational and pleasurable for all. So travel agents do everything they can to offer their clients a wide choice of tours. Even if it is impossible for parents to take their children with them, there are special hotels for infants in many large cities. They are well-staffed with responsible housekeepers, teachers and nurses who offer special education and recreational programmes.

Young people also have a good opportunity to travel. But they go to Europe and the USA not only to travel but to study. Many countries attract students by giving scholarships. Organizations, such as civic groups, airlines and national tourism councils, grant aid to them to study abroad. Most travel agencies have information about scholarships. Many airlines offer fare reductions for those under thirty to encourage them to travel.

 



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Peter and Ann are trying to decide how to spend an evening out. Listen to there conversation and fill in the missing words. | Underline the correct word then decide which type of entertainment each sentence refers to, as in the example. | These are also common phrases we use to talk about popular music. | Read this magazine article about extreme sports. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-D, for each part (1-4). | Read the text again, then talk about the reasons why people get involved in extreme sports. | Read the table, then listen to the tape and fill in the missing information. Finally, looking at the table, talk about each sport. | Fill in the gaps with the correct verb. | THE WEATHER | Vocabulary Commentary | Speaking |

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