Головна

THE FIRST DAY AT SCHOOL

  1. A) Read the first part of negotiations between Martin, Sales Managerof Pulse, an electric-car company, and Chen, an official from the UrbanTransport Department of a city in China.
  2. A. First Impressions
  3. Actress, had made her first great success in London.
  4. An ideal school as you see it.
  5. And gave him her lips. He kissed her tenderly. It was the first time he had ever
  6. B) Complete the sentences, using the words from Ex. 3. a). Three of them are used twice. The first one is done for you.
  7. But the ten A.M. appointment was a bad sign. It meant that he would be first on

Can you remember your first day at school? It was probably rather confusing. Now to avoid this confusion many primary schools have a special teacher who welcomes new pupils. In England she is called a reception-class teacher. On the first day it is her responsibility to "settle" the newcomers. The difficulty is that a lot of people give their children the wrong idea about going to school. The children are threatened with the idea of school, and if they have been good, they can't understand why they have to go to school. They imagine that school is optional.

When the child goes to school, on his first day, he has to watch his mother leaving. Often he thinks that she is deserting him. The teacher must convince him that at the end of the day his mother and his home will still be there. The children are not the only people that are disturbed by going to school. The teacher sometimes has just as much difficulty in coping with the mothers. They are just as upset as their children. They hang around and dislike leaving the child to his fate. All day they stay at home, wondering what is happening and how their son Or daughter is managing.

The best way to deal with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of school. Before the beginning of term the mother should take her child to see the teacher and to look round the school. The first day should be something to emphasize the regularity of school, and although the first day is difficult, the mother must remember that her child must be encouraged for a whole term at least.

Assignments:

1. Find in the text the English for:

суматошный (полный неразберихи), приветствовать, ответственность, новичок, давать неправильное представление о, пугать, представлять (себе), необязательный, покидать (бросать), убедить, справиться с чём-л., расстроенный, судьба, приучить кого-л. к чему-л., с нетерпением ждать чего-л., подчеркнуть (сделать упор на), ободрить.

2. Choose the best answer:

1) On the first day a reception-class teacher ... a) is a newcomer. b) teaches in a special way. c) establishes the children in the class.

2) A lot of people ... a) tell their children that school is wrong. b) misinform the children about theschool. c) have bad ideas about school.

3) The children think school ... a) is a punishment,b) is difficult to understand, c) is a good idea.

4) Often the children feel ... a) happy when their mothers leave. b) lonely, c) angry.

5) The teacher tells him that his mother ... a) has left. b) has deserted him. c) has left him temporarily.

6) The mothers are often ... a) as angry as their children, b) as difficult as their children, c) as nervous as their children.

7) They ... a) stay at the school for a long time. b) leave immediately. c) walk around the school.

8) The best solution is to ... a) get the child accustomed to school. b) use the school for some special purposes, c) give the child ideas about school.

9) The child should ... a) enjoy the thought of the first day. b) be frightened about the first day. c) prepare himself for the first day.

10) It is important to ... a) warn the child about the regularity. b) exaggerate the regularity, c) underline the regularity.

3. Say what should be done to avoid confusion on the first day at school.

4. Share your own suggestions as to what a teacher should do on the first day. Try to give some practical advice to a beginning teacher.

5. Say whether you remember your own first day at school and what you and your parents felt then.

7. HOW WELL DO OUR SCHOOLS PERFORM?

(From "Who Controls Our Schools?

American Values in Conflict" by Michael W. Kirst)

Our educational system, rooted in our history and our structure of values, has often been a source of justifiable pride. Whatever its limitations, the public educational system of the United States (including higher education) is the most egalitarian* systemin the world.

Thomas Jefferson had counted on education to develop only that "natural aristocracy" of the few whose talents justly deserved to be developed for the benefit of society. But Horace Mann and the common school advocates wanted universal education, to them education was to be the "balance wheel"** of society. Mann proclaimed in 1848: "If one class possess all the wealth and education, while the others are ignorant and poor; it matters not by what name the relation between them may be called; the latter will be the dependants and subjects of the former, but if education be equally diffused, it will draw property after it, by the strongest of all attractions, for such a thing never did happen, as that an intelligent and practical body of men should be permanently poor. Education is the great equalizer of the conditions of men, the balance wheel of the social machinery."

The public schools were thought to by their supporters as a secure system for moderating social inequalities. The egalitarism of the American system distinguishes it from the school systems of the European countries. About 75% of our students graduate from high school, and some 44% go on to higher education. In most other Western nations, students are diverted into vocational and technical programs at age 14 or 15 and only 15 to 30% graduate from a secondary school. Considering the large percentage of teenagers the US schools enrol, the level of attainment of these students is surprisingly high. Our schools system has grown steadily more egalitarian. As recently as 1940 fewer than 50% of the pupils in this country completed high school. By 1984, the access to higher education among those least represented in the past - the minority groups - has increased. While college enrollment of white students grew slightly, the proportion of blacks in college more than doubled in the same period. In 1981 the percentage of black high school graduates who went on to college exceeded that of whites for the first time. The fact, that many of those students come from lower socioeconomic groups makes this achievement all the more remarkable. Recent sociological studies from Russia indicate that an unexpectedly high share of the places in most of its elite postsecondary institutions go to children of white-collar workers.

Lately, the headlines have warned us that our schools are not competitive with those of our economic rivals West Germany and Japan, and that current graduates of our secondary schools cannot match the records set by their predecessors. Now, when the performance of our schools is source of widespread dissatisfaction, we need to consider carefully how we measure that performance.

___

* egalitarian - поборник равноправия

** "balance wheel" - баланс

Assignments:

1. Find in the text the English for:

укоренившийся, могущий быть оправданным, ограничения, рассчитывать на, на благо общества, всеобщее образование, сторонники, провозгласить, невежественный, смягчать общественные неравенства, отличать что-л. от чего-л., представленные в меньшей степени, уровень знаний, превышать, указывать, служащие, быть неконкурентоспособным, подходить (соответствовать), предшественник, измерить что-л.

2. Give the derivatives from:

just, to depend, limit, to support, universe, to attain, equal, vocation, access, to enroll, sociology, to expect, to compete, to perform, surprise.

3. Arrange A and В in pairs of synonyms:

A. limitations, advocate, high school, vocational, share, intelligent, talent, to moderate, common school, permanently, attainment. B. to mitigate, clever, professional, drawbacks, supporter, proportion, secondary school, gift, constantly, ordinary school, achievement.

4. Answer the following questions:

1) How can you characterize the system of education in the United States in general?

2) What was T. Jefferson's point of view on the aims of education?

3) What did Horace Mann proclaim in 1848?

4) How were the public schools thought of by their supporters?

5) What distinguishes the American system from the systems of the European countries?

6) Is the level of attainment of US schools high?

7) What changes took place in 1984 in the field of higher education?

8) Who composed the majority of college students in 1981? Isn't the fact remarkable?

9) What do recent sociological studies in Russia indicate?

10) What is the source of widespread dissatisfaction of the press and public?

5. Compare the concepts of education of Thomas Jefferson and Mann.

6. From Mann's quotation choose one sentence to cover the main idea of it and translate it.

7. What can you say about the state of affairs in American educational system today as it is described in the text?

 



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