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Grammar Exercises

  1. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  2. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  3. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  4. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  5. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  6. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES
  7. COMPREHENSION EXERCISES

Exercise 1 Change the sentences according to the model

M o d e l: I should go shopping today.

I should have gone shopping yesterday.

1. The firm should apply for credit very soon.

2. They should see about the new refrigerator today.

3. I should take my wife shopping a bit later.

4. Тhey should get groceries at the supermarket this afternoon.

5. You should order a new car.

6. He should buy a computer today.

7. He should speak with the manager today.

Exercise 2. Change the sentences according to the model.

M про d e l: If there is a shopping center nearby, we will go there together.

If there had been a shopping center nearby, we would have gone there.

1. If she buys too much, she will not be able to carry it herself.

2. If there is ice cream in this store, we will bring the children some.

3. If she tries the new boutique today, she will come very late.

4. If the shop offers home delivery, he will ask them to deliver.

5. If you shop downtown, you will find the shopping center.

80
LESSON 13

PRICING

Теxt

All products and all services have prices. The price depends on different thing such as credit terms, delivery, trade-inallowance, guarantees, quality and other forms of service, which price can produce the biggest profit during a long period of time. It's hardly possible to determine such a price. The price may be too high to produce a large volume or too low to cover costs. No other area of ??marketing operations has been a subject to bad practice. Many businesses persue unsound price policies for long periods of time and are not aware about it.

Prices can be determined in different ways. For example, the prices of meat, cotton and other agricultural prices can be decided in large central market where forces of supply and demand exist. This is pure price competition. The prices on industrial products (iron; steel, etc.) are usually decided by large companies. As a rule the amount and price of goods sold to large number of buyers is controlled by a few competing sellers. Prices also can be set by the government, usually for different public services - railroads, electricity, manufactured gas, bus services, etc.

If demand increases, prices rise, profits expand and new investment is attracted. But other factors may be involved as well. Prices are related to each other in different ways. Ultimately, everything is related in price, since the consumer can buy and must pay for everything out of a particular, limited amount of money.

Active Vocabulary
 credit terms- кредитні умови.


trade-in allowance - сума грошей, віддана за стару річ і включена в рахунок покупки нової

to cover costs - покривати витрати

to persue unsound price вести нерозумну

policies - ціноутворюючим політику

supply and demand- пропозицію і попит

price competition- конкуренція в ціноутворенні

to set prices- встановлювати ціни

Comprehension Questions

1. Why is it difficult to determine the right price?

2. Why is the seller interested in the price that produces the highest volume of sales at the lowest unit cost?

3. Why do many businesses follow unsound pricing policies?

4. In what way are agricultural prices decided?

5. How are industrial products usually priced?

6. Why does the government usually set the prices for public utility services?

7. Why is it so important to know the levels of supply and demand when dealing with pricing?

8. Why is everything related by price?

Vocabulary Practice



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BANKS AND BUSINESS | Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence. | Exercise 1. Change the sentences according to the model. | PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT and PLANNING | Comprehension Questions | Exercise 2. Put four questions of different types to each sentence (general, special, alternative, disjunctive). | Vocabulary Practice | Exercise 1. Transform the sentences of real condition into the sentences of unreal condition. | Exercise 4. Translate into English. | Exereise 1. Put the necessary word in the sentence. |

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