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Coherence: Linking strategies

  1. Coherence: Information structure
  2. Ex.9. Look through the text again and replace the words in bold with the linking words and phrases given below.
  3. Ex.9. Look through the text again and replace the words in bold with the linking words and phrases given below.
  4. Read the passage and describe the strategies usual in your environment.
  5. Strategies of Error Correction
  6. Three Pricing Strategies
Since readers all read differently, it is important to make the logical links between your sentences explicit. The more clearly you indicate such links concretely in the text, the greater your chance of helping your reader follow and understand your line of thought is. Naturally, there is a limit: you are not writing academic papers for school children. However, the risk of being too clear in your linking efforts is a minor one. The vast majority of students fail to be explicit enough.   There are numerous ways in which you can guide your reader as you lead him or her from sentence to sentence - as you establish coherence. Here we remind you of a few common writing strategies for linking sentences together: § The repetition of key words of phrases. e.g. Two main arguments are presented in the first chapter. The first argument is that the language of texts cannot be adequately explored... § The use of substitutes (e.g. synonyms) for such key words or phrases e.g. Allegory is narrative or description that has a second meaning beneath the surface one. Although the surface story... § The use of reference e.g. Most inexperienced writers find it difficult to write coherently. This is not surprising in view of the complex processes involved. These processes deserve ... § The use of discourse markers See sub-section Discourse study of this Unit.

Task 2. [individually, then in pairs]

(a) Read the text below. The text represents a mini-essay consisting of two paragraphs. Analyze the structure of this text.

H Social Psychology
            Social psychology is the scientific study of how people think, feel, and behave in social situations. Researchers in this field ask questions such as, How do we form impressions of others? How are people persuaded to change their attitudes or beliefs? What causes people to conform in group situations? What leads someone to help or ignore a person in need? Under what circumstances do people obey or resist orders? By observing people in real-world social settings, and by carefully devising experiments to test people's social behavior, social psychologists learn about the ways people influence, perceive, and interact with one another. The study of social influence includes topics such as conformity, obedience to authority, the formation of attitudes, and the principles of persuasion. Researchers interested in social perception study how people come to know and evaluate one another, how people form group stereotypes, and the origins of prejudice. Other topics of particular interest to social psychologists include physical attraction, love and intimacy, aggression, altruism, and group processes. Many social psychologists are also interested in cultural influences on interpersonal behavior.

(b) Identify and underline the various linguistic means (repetition, substitution, cases of reference, discourse markers) used to strengthen the coherence.

 



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Approaching the text: Using prior knowledge and making predictions | Exploring the Text: In-depth reading | ACADEMIC VOCABULARY | Word Families | Word Choice: Synonyms | Оценивать | Sit (for), show, administer, perform, run, set, confirm, take, undergo, carry out, conduct, reveal | PsychologIcal terminology | DISCUSSION | Conducting Discussion |

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